The quantum threat to internet security is no longer theoretical.
The encryption that protects bank transactions, private messages, government records and medical files will be breakable by quantum computers. Data copied today can be unlocked later, and the window to act is narrowing. Here is what you need to know, and what you can do about it.
How internet security works today
Almost every secure connection relies on two promises: that no one else can read the data, and that no one has changed or faked it. Both rest on public-key cryptography, mainly RSA and elliptic-curve cryptography (ECC).
Confidentiality
When your browser connects to a bank, the two sides use RSA or elliptic-curve key exchange to agree a secret key, then encrypt the conversation with it. Only the two ends can read what passes between them.
Integrity and authenticity
Digital signatures, also built on RSA and ECC, prove who sent a message, a document or a software update, and reveal any tampering along the way.
Why quantum computers break all of this
In 1994, Peter Shor showed that a large enough quantum computer could solve the mathematical problems behind RSA, elliptic curves and Diffie-Hellman quickly. Today's encryption is only safe for as long as such a machine doesn't exist.
The qubit threshold is falling fast
Estimates of the quantum computer needed to break RSA-2048 keep dropping as algorithms and error correction improve.
physical qubits (Gidney and Ekerå)
physical qubits, in about a week (Gidney, Google Quantum AI)
physical qubits, using newer error-correcting codes (arXiv 2602.11457)
The clock is already running: harvest now, decrypt later
Attackers don't have to wait. They can copy encrypted traffic and stored data today, and unlock it once quantum computers are ready. Anything that must stay confidential for five years or more is already at risk.
Trust now, forge later
Signatures on software updates, contracts and digital identities can be forged once their algorithms fall. Long-lived devices and records carry that risk for their whole service life.
Why organizations must act now, not later
This is a data-protection, regulatory and reputational issue for today, not a technology question for later.
NIST standards are finalized
In August 2024, NIST published its first post-quantum standards: FIPS 203 (ML-KEM), FIPS 204 (ML-DSA) and FIPS 205 (SLH-DSA). The replacements exist, and regulators now expect a plan to adopt them.
Migration takes years
Encryption sits inside nearly every system, product and supplier. Large organizations typically need several years to replace it, and NIST plans to phase out today's algorithms from 2030.
Sensitive data is already harvested
Data stolen today can be read tomorrow. Customers' browsers already support quantum-safe connections; the gap is on the company side.
Identifying what is at risk in your systems
The first step is a cryptographic inventory: finding every place your systems, products and suppliers use quantum-vulnerable algorithms. This is where they usually appear.
| Algorithm | Current use | Quantum status |
|---|---|---|
| RSA (1024 to 4096 bit) | Key exchange, digital signatures, TLS | Vulnerable |
| ECC / ECDH / ECDSA | TLS, SSH, code signing, messaging | Vulnerable |
| Diffie-Hellman (DH) | Key exchange in TLS and VPNs | Vulnerable |
| AES-128 / AES-256 | Symmetric encryption | AES-256 safe |
| SHA-256 / SHA-3 | Hashing, integrity checks | Considered safe |
| ML-KEM / ML-DSA / SLH-DSA | NIST post-quantum standards (2024) | Post-quantum safe |
Build your inventory with SQP Assess
SQP Assess gives management a readiness score, a map of exposure, supplier readiness, the deadlines that apply, and a prioritized plan, with a board-ready summary. Your team signs in from a web browser over a quantum-safe connection, and results are encrypted and saved on your own devices. They never leave them.
SuperQubit's two-track migration framework
Existing systems and new developments need different paths. Both tracks use a hybrid model, running a classical and a post-quantum algorithm together, consistent with guidance from NIST, ENISA and Germany's BSI.
Protect existing software without rewriting it
A transparent post-quantum bridge for systems you can't or don't want to change. It re-wraps their network connections in quantum-safe encryption while the applications stay exactly as they are. Which product you use depends on which end is the legacy system.
- Legacy server, quantum-ready clients: SQP QuantumEdge, a gateway in front of the legacy server, website or API.
- Legacy client, quantum-ready server: SQP QuantumBridge, an agent beside the legacy client that upgrades its outbound connection.
- No code changes, no recompilation, no protocol changes; existing certificates keep working.
- Crypto agility: change the policy once and it applies to every gateway and agent as NIST standards evolve.
- Built on FIPS 140-3 validated cryptography and written in memory-safe Rust.
Hybrid-first development framework
New systems should be quantum-safe from launch. We help your teams build post-quantum cryptography in natively, rather than adding it later.
- Classical and post-quantum algorithms run in parallel, for example X25519 with ML-KEM.
- Security holds as long as either algorithm remains unbroken.
- Designed so new NIST-approved algorithms can be adopted without re-architecting.
SQP QuantumEdge: quantum-safe access to legacy servers
Your clients are moving to post-quantum encryption faster than your servers can. SQP QuantumEdge sits in front of a legacy server as a gateway, so quantum-ready clients connect over hybrid post-quantum TLS while the server itself stays unchanged.
Classical encryption is used only on the short hop between the gateway and the server, inside the same rack or network segment. Everything that crosses the untrusted network is quantum-safe.
No change to the server
The legacy server, its code and its certificates stay exactly as they are. No recompilation, no protocol change.
Every client keeps working
Quantum-ready clients get hybrid ML-KEM. Older clients fall back to classical encryption until your policy says PQC-only.
Policy, not code
Move from classical to hybrid to PQC-only by configuration, one route at a time, from one proxy manager.
Validated and memory-safe
Built on a FIPS 140-3 validated cryptographic core and written in Rust. Hybrid stays secure while either algorithm holds.
SQP QuantumBridge: legacy clients, quantum-safe connections
Sometimes the server is already quantum-ready but the client isn't: an older application, an integration nobody can recompile, or software from a supplier who has no post-quantum plan. SQP QuantumBridge runs as an agent beside that client and upgrades its outbound connection, so it can talk to quantum-ready servers without being changed.
The legacy client connects to the agent on the same host using the encryption it already has. From there, the connection across the untrusted network is hybrid post-quantum TLS.
No change to the client
The application keeps its normal protocol and settings. No code changes, no recompilation.
Same-host trust boundary
Classical encryption never leaves the client machine. Only quantum-safe traffic crosses the network.
Refuse downgrades
Once your servers are ready, require PQC so no connection can quietly fall back to classical encryption.
Visible in your monitoring
Negotiation telemetry shows which connections are hybrid, classical or PQC-only, as migration evidence.
Underneath both tracks: SQP Sovereign Entropy
Every digital key is only as strong as the randomness used to create it. SQP Sovereign Entropy is an appliance you own, in your own data center, that supplies continuously checked, quantum-sourced randomness to every system that creates keys.
It draws on one or more quantum random number generators, scaled to demand, and supplies ingredients for keys, never the keys themselves.
Client-owned
The appliance pair runs in your racks, under your policies. No dependence on an outside randomness service.
Quantum-sourced
One or more quantum random number generators, with more added as demand grows.
Continuously verified
Every output is health-tested; the appliance stops automatically if anything looks wrong.
Seeds, never keys
Seeds are mixed with local entropy on arrival, so not even the appliance knows your final keys.
Three steps, none of them disruptive
SuperQubit gives you a clear starting point, fast protection for the most exposed data, and stronger keys, without rewriting systems or giving up control of your data.
No disruption
No application rewrites. Existing systems and certificates keep working.
You keep control
Assessment results are encrypted and stay on your devices; the appliance sits in your data center.
Evidence for regulators
Reports mapped to ISO 27001, DORA, NIS2 and the NIST Cybersecurity Framework.
Proven foundations
FIPS 140-3 validated cryptography and NIST post-quantum standards.
Five questions for your next board meeting
If management can't answer these yet, SQP Assess is the fastest way to get there.
- Do we know where we use vulnerable encryption, and who owns each system?
- Which of our data must stay confidential for more than five years?
- Which deadlines apply to us, and are they law or guidance?
- Have our critical suppliers committed to dates?
- What is our plan for this year, and how will progress be reported?
A first 90 days
Month 1
Run SQP Assess. Receive a board brief with status and priorities.
Month 2
Pilot SQP QuantumEdge on one legacy server, or SQP QuantumBridge on one legacy client.
Month 3
Pilot SQP Sovereign Entropy on one system and review the results.
Understand your organization's quantum exposure
Talk to our team about a readiness assessment, a 30-minute board briefing, or a pilot.